Issue 418 November 2014
Runway incursions, a top FAA safety concern,
are formally defined as “any occurrence at an aerodrome involving the incorrect
presence of an aircraft, vehicle, or person on the protected area of a surface
designated for the landing and takeoff of aircraft.”1 Runway incursions can be
caused by Pilot Deviations, Air Traffic Controller Operational Incidents, and
Ground Vehicle Deviations. Examples of these errors include:
Pilot Deviations
Crossing a runway hold marking without ATC
clearance
Taking off without clearance
Landing without clearance
Controller Operational Incidents
Clearing an aircraft onto a runway while
another aircraft is landing on the same runway
Issuing a takeoff clearance while the runway is
occupied by another aircraft or vehicle
Vehicle (Driver) Deviations
Crossing a runway hold marking without ATC
clearance
Regardless of whose actions caused it, the
inappropriate or unauthorized presence of an aircraft or vehicle on an active
runway can lead to serious consequences. The following ASRS reports offer
insight into some of the human factors and other issues involved in runway
incursions.
Source: ASRS